常见问题解答

While the GSPT tracks all iron and steel production routes, the GBFT focuses on only one type of unit (blast furnaces) at the plants. The GBFT offers more details on blast furnaces and does not include information on any other elements of the iron and steel production chain.

今天有多种不同的钢铁生产方法在使用。 粗钢通常在电弧炉（EAF），碱性氧气炉（BOF）或平底炉（OHF）中生产。 向电弧炉喂入废金属，生铁（也称为粗铁或铁水），海绵铁（也称为直接还原铁（DRI）或热压块铁（HBI））或这些铁源的某种组合。 BOF和OHF通常以生铁为原料，但可以补充少量的废金属或DRI。 生铁通常在高炉（BF）中由铁矿石和炼焦煤（也称为焦炭）生产，而DRI在直接还原铁厂中由铁矿石（无炼焦煤）和氢气生产。 一些钢铁厂仅使用一种类型的生产路线（通常是高炉-转炉或DRI-EAF），但有些工厂则使用多种不同的生产路线。

颜色表示钢铁的生产方法。

“综合”炼钢是指在现场同时生产钢铁和钢铁的钢铁厂（与仅生产铁或仅从购买的铁材料生产钢的工厂相反）。 换句话说，综合工厂既生产钢铁，也生产用于制造钢铁的铁材料。 综合钢铁厂可能使用不同的熔炉组合来生产钢铁。 综合炼钢的排放主要在炼铁过程中产生。 因此，综合炼钢工艺按以下详述的炼铁工艺划分。

“炼铁”是指仅生产铁制品的工厂。 炼铁厂包括使用高炉和直接还原铁生产的工厂。

“电”炼钢是指仅在现场生产钢（而非铁）并使用电弧炉的钢厂。 炼钢厂可以使用废金属，海绵铁，生铁或这些铁材料的某种组合作为饲料。

在GSPT中，炼钢路线分为以下几类：

• 电：仅在现场生产钢并使用电弧炉（EAF）的工厂。
• 电氧气：仅在现场生产钢并使用电弧炉（EAF）和碱性氧气炉（BOF）的工厂。
• 氧气：仅在现场生产钢铁并使用碱性氧气炉 (BOF) 的工厂。
• 综合（BF）：现场生产钢铁的工厂。 生铁在高炉（BF）中生产。 可以使用一种或多种类型的熔炉生产钢。
• 综合（DRI）：现场生产钢铁的工厂。 海绵铁是在直接还原铁工厂（DRI工厂）中生产的。 可以使用一种或多种类型的熔炉生产钢。
• 综合（高炉和直接还原铁）：现场生产钢铁的工厂。 生铁在高炉（BF）中生产，海绵铁在直接还原铁工厂（DRI工厂）中生产。 可以使用一种或多种类型的熔炉生产钢。
• 综合（其他）：现场同时生产钢铁的工厂。 生铁是通过直接熔炼工艺生产的。 可以使用一种或多种类型的熔炉生产钢。
• 综合（未知）：现场生产钢铁的工厂。 用于生产铁的炉子是未知的。 可以使用一种或多种类型的熔炉生产钢。
• 炼铁 (BF)：仅在现场生产铁的工厂。 生铁在高炉 (BF) 中生产。
• 炼铁 (DRI)：现场仅生产铁的工厂。 海绵铁在直接还原铁工厂（DRI 工厂）中生产。
• 炼铁（BF 和 DRI）：现场只生产铁的工厂。 生铁在高炉 (BF) 中生产，海绵铁在直接还原铁厂（DRI 厂）中生产。
• 炼铁（未知）：现场只生产铁的工厂。 用于生产铁的炉子是未知的。
• 未知：工厂炼钢工艺未知。

是。 转到图例（地图的右下角），然后单击颜色旁边的框。

工厂状态分类如下：

• Announced: Projects that have been announced in corporate or governmental planning documents, but have not begun construction.
• 建设：物理植物结构建设已经开始。
• 运行中：工厂正在运行一个或多个炼铁炉。
• 封存：钢铁厂已经闲置，无法立即投入运营，但没有关闭。
• Operating pre-retirement: Plant is currently operating, but has announced plans to retire its iron or steelmaking capacity.
• Retired: Plant has ceased operations and no longer has the ability to produce iron and/or steel.
• Cancelled: Plant previously planned or under development that has been cancelled. If no progress or announcements for an announced plant are made after 5 years, the plant is considered to be cancelled.

在某些情况下，只能找到大概的位置信息。

要查找位置的坐标以及位置是精确的还是近似的，请单击位置点，选择Wiki页面，然后在“项目详细信息”下查找。

是的，单击地图左上角的“表格”。

不。全球钢铁厂追踪包括所有运营中的年产能为 1 万吨或以上的粗铁和钢铁生产厂，以及计划在 2024 年 XNUMX 月 XNUMX 日之前进行扩建以使工厂产能达到这一门槛的工厂。 GSPT 也仅限于在现场生产粗铁和/或钢的工厂（省略了将粗钢加工成最终产品的轧钢厂等工厂）。

产能是钢铁厂利用目前在场的设备能够生产的粗铁或钢吨数。 产量是工厂在给定年份每年生产的实际粗铁或粗钢吨数。 产能利用率可以计算为产能与产能超过产能之间的差值。

跟踪器提供关于通常存在于特定位置的多个熔炉或钢铁制造设备的每一个的单独数据。 这些熔炉或钢铁制造设备中的每一个都被称为一个“单元”。 给定位置的整个单元集合称为“工厂”。

劳动力规模旨在捕捉在给定钢铁厂工作的全职员工的数量。 在某些情况下，当无法找到特定工厂的劳动力规模时，它是根据公司范围内的劳动力数据估算的。 作为已知的第一个在工厂级别捕获钢铁行业劳动力规模的尝试，GEM 提供此数据时需要注意的是，对于许多工厂来说，劳动力规模仍然未知和/或报告的具体人员数量缺乏透明度。劳动力规模（即全职与兼职工人、临时/合同工、行政人员等）。 我们提供这些数据的目的是创建一个可以改进劳动力规模数据的起点。

Capacity operating status indicates whether iron/steel capacity at a plant is operational; possible statuses are: “announced”, “construction”, “operating”, “mothballed”, “operating pre-retirement”, “retired”, and “cancelled”. As of the 2024 update, the capacity at each plant is separated into different rows for each applicable operating status, providing additional detail on plants with units of different operating statuses. For example, an operating plant may have 3 basic oxygen furnaces, 2 operating and 1 mothballed. The summed capacity of the operating units will appear in the “Nominal BOF steel capacity” column of the row with the capacity operating status set to “operating” and the mothballed unit’s capacity will appear in the row with the capacity operating status “mothballed”.

Since the launch of the Global Blast Furnace Tracker, blast furnace units are recorded in a separate dataset. On wiki pages the “Blast Furnace Details” section contains all information on these units.

When there are multiple rows for one plant in the dataset this indicates that the plant has units at different stages of development. Each row attached to a particular plant represents capacity associated with distinct operating statuses (see “What is ‘capacity operating status’ and how is it used?” above) or development/shutdown times.

Some rows in the dataset have an “operating” capacity operating status and show “N/A” in all iron and steel capacity columns; this indicates that all capacity at that plant is represented in other rows for the plant as that capacity has shifted over time, usually due to a technology transition at the plant. Other plant-specific data such as upstream material capacities and workforce information are still included in this row, but for a complete picture of iron and steel capacity you should look at all rows for the plant in combination.

The “main production equipment” and “main production process” data list all of the equipment in the entire phase, but some phases have multiple rows to show capacity with different operating statuses (see “Why is there more than one row for the same plant?”). So, the “main production equipment” and “main production process” columns will be the same for all rows that are part of the same production pathway, even if only part of that capacity is reflected in the capacity data column of that row. For instance, you may see a row that has an “integrated (BF)” process and “BF, BOF” equipment listed, but only blast furnace capacity showing up. However, if you look at all rows corresponding with the plant ID, you will see this technology reflected there.

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The tracker was designed and produced by Global Energy Monitor. To the extent possible, the information in the tracker has been verified by researchers familiar with particular countries. The following people participated in plant-by-plant research: Astrid Grigsby-Schulte (Global Energy Monitor), Caitlin Swalec (Global Energy Monitor), Gregor Clark (Global Energy Monitor), Hanna Fralikhina (Global Energy Monitor), Henna Khadeeja (Global Energy Monitor), Jessie Zhi (Global Energy Monitor), Marie Armbruster (Global Energy Monitor), Natalia Fretz (Global Energy Monitor), Norah Elmagraby (Global Energy Monitor), Zhanaiym Kozybay (Global Energy Monitor), Ziwei Zhang (Global Energy Monitor), Wynn Feng (Global Energy Monitor), Xiaojun Peng (Global Energy Monitor), Ali Hasanbeigi (Global Efficiency Intelligence), Harshvardhan Khutal (Global Efficiency Intelligence), Pinchookorn Chobthiangtham (Global Efficiency Intelligence), Nihan Karali (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Reza Shamshirgaran (Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS of Malaysia), Zulfikar Yurnaidi (ASEAN Center for Energy), Zakariae Mellouk (consultant, Morocco), Ray Pilcher (Raven Ridge Resources), Ariane DesRosiers (formerly Global Energy Monitor), Christine Shearer (Global Energy Monitor), Dorothy Mei (Global Energy Monitor), Kate Logan (formerly Global Energy Monitor), and Aiqun Yu (Global Energy Monitor). The project is managed by Astrid Grigsby-Schulte, within GEM’s Heavy Industry Program, managed by Caitlin Swalec, with support from Louisa Plotnick and Ted Nace. Web/GIS programming was done by Tom Allnutt and Gregor Allensworth (GreenInfo Network), with support from Tim Sinnott (GreenInfo Network).

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